Improving WordPress performance with APC
On CentOs, this is quite easy --
$ sudo yum install php-pecl-apc
(That's the PHP Extension Community Library implementation of the Alternative PHP Cache)
Then install the APC backend plugin:
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/apc/
Note the out-of-the-ordinary installation on that plugin (place a file in the wp-content directory).
Sit back and watch your server load drop!
If you are looking for even higher performance, you might look into nginx. One good tuturial is here. The nginx wiki has the canonical setup information.