Firefox uses wrong app for mailto: links
On an XP system: When Firefox fails to regard Thunderbird the "Default Mail Application" (even though you set that elsewhere) the problem may be solved by:
Opening the Control Panel
Opening the Folder Options
On the File Types tab, find the (None) URL:MailTo entry
Click the Advanced button
In the Actions window, you should see the entry:* open*
Click the Edit... button
Set the Application Used to Perform Action to the correct path of your Thunderbird as:
"C:Program FilesMozilla Thunderbirdthunderbird.exe" -compose "%1"